Xi Jinping’s Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era contains a scientific philosophical methodology, which is a complete system composed of fundamental methods, basic methods and specific methods. The development of practice has made the construction of modernization with Chinese characteristics the historical task and mission of the new stage of the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and thus it has become the practical logic main line of this philosophical methodology. This philosophical methodology highlights the people-oriented value orientation, the systematic connotation requirements, the practical problem orientation and the open broad perspective, demonstrating its distinct characteristics. To embark on a new journey of development and implement the philosophical methodology of this major theory well, the key is to make efforts in adhering to and applying it, and truly achieve the dialectical unity of purpose and means, subjectivity and objectivity, the overall situation and key points, and the near-term and long-term.